Laptop Cleaning Procedures

Laptops offer a level of mobility that standard computers cannot provide. This mobility often results in the accumulation of dust and dirt as the laptop travels from place to place. Taking the time to clean your laptop properly may help keep it running smoothly while keeping it free of fingerprints, smudges and other debris. Turn off your laptop and remove the power cord before starting the cleaning process.

Display

• The approach you take for cleaning the laptop display depends on your personal preference. You can use specialized screen cleaning solution, cleansing wipes or sprays. Alternatively, you can use plain water to clean the screen. Regardless of what solution you choose, do not spray the screen directly. Instead dampen a lint-free cloth, but do not allow the cloth to become saturated. Then, use the cloth to wipe the monitor to remove the dust, smudges and other dirt from the screen. Use gentle pressure only to avoid damaging the screen components. Do not allow liquid to pool because this can result in damage.

Keyboard

• The accumulation of dirt and other debris, such as food particles, can cause your keyboard to malfunction. Canned air can remove debris from between and beneath the keys. Use short gentle bursts to avoid damaging the keys and to avoid the release of chemicals and condensation from within the can. A damp cloth can remove dirt and stickiness from the tops of the keys, but saturating the cloth may allow liquid to pool on the keys, damaging the internal components.

Laptop Exterior Cover

• Cleaning the exterior cover of your laptop can keep it looking new. Wipe the cover with a damp cloth. Do not saturate the cloth because this may allow water to pool and damage the interior components. You can use rubbing alcohol to remove stubborn dirt and grime, but refer to the owner’s manual to confirm that this will not damage the cover. Use a second cloth to dry the laptop completely. Then use canned air to clean the air vents and other crevices. Hold the can upright to prevent the escape of chemicals or condensation.

Prevention

• Taking certain preventive steps may keep your laptop clean and functioning properly. Cigarette smoke can build up over time, forming a dirty film that clouds the display. Eating around your laptop may result in the accumulation of crumbs on the keyboard. Drinking around your laptop may result in a spill that can cause permanent damage if the liquid seeps into the internal electrical components. It is best not to smoke, eat or drink around your laptop. In addition, it is best to use a protective carrying case when traveling with your laptop.
  
  
  
  
  

  Modal Verbs Modal And Modal Phrases (semi-Modals)

   A modal is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that is used to express: ability, possibility, permission or obiligation. Modal phrases (or semi-modals) are used to express the same things as modals, but are a combination pf auxiliary verb and the preposition to.
  Can/could/be able to

  1. May/might
  2. Shall/should
  3. Must/have to
  4. Will/would

  Can, Could, Be Able To
  Can, could and be able to are used to express a variety of ideas in English:Present and Future:
  can/can’t + base form of the verb

  1. Tom can write poetry very well.
  2. I can help you with that next week.
  3. Lisa can’t speak French.

  am / is / are / will be + able to + base form of the verb
  am not/ isn’t / aren’t/ won’t be + able to + base form of the verb

  1. Mike is able to solve complicated math equations
  2. The support team will be able to help you in about ten minutes.
  3. I won’t be able to visit you next summer.

  
  

  Past:

  could / couldn’t + base form of the verb

  1. When I was a child I could climb trees.

  was / were + able to + base form of the verb
  wasn’t / weren’t + able to + base form of the verb
  hasn’t / haven’t + been able to + base form of the verb

  1. I wasn’t able to visit her in the hospital.
  2. He hasn’t been able to get in touch with the client yet.

  Note: Can and could do not take an infinitive (to verb) and do not take the future auxiliary will.

  • Incorrect: I can to help you this afternoon.
  • Correct: I can help you this afternoon.
  • Correct: I will (I’ll) be able to help you this afternoon.

  
  

  Possibility / Impossibility

  can / can’t + base form of the verb

  1. You can catch that train at 10:43.
  2. He can’t see you right now. He’s in surgery.

  could + base form of the verb

  1. I could fly via Amsterdam if I leave the day before.

  
  

  Ask Permission / Give Permission

  Can + Subject + base form of the verb (informal)

  1. Can you lend me ten dollars?

  Can + base form of the verb (informal)

  1. You can borrow my car.

  Could + subject + base form of the verb (polite)

  1. Could I have your number?
  2. Could I talk to your supervisor please?

  
  

  Make a suggestion – To make a suggestion use:

  Could + base form of the verb (informal)

  1. You could take the tour of the castle tomorrow.

  
  

  Exercises: Can, Could, Be able to

  Fill in the correct form of can, could or be able to as in the examples.

  1. Ben could not help his little brother with his homework yesterday.
  2. Can I call you later tonight?

  
  

  1. _______ Tony run long distances when he was a boy?
  2. ______ you please call a tow truck for me? My car broke down. (polite)
  3. The students _______ to buy their textbooks today. The bookstore is all out of them.
  4. ______ you teach me how to fix my computer? You’re so good at it.
  5. ______ you ______ reach the customer if you call him at 4:00 his time?

  Answers:

  1. Could
  2. Could
  3. aren’t able
  4. Can
  5. Will/be able to

  
  

  May, Might

  
  

  Formal Permission / Formal Prohibition

  may / may not + base form of the verb

  1. You may start your exam now.
  2. You may not wear sandals to work.

  
  

  Polite Request

  May + subject + base form of the verb

  1. May I help you?

  
  

  Possibility / Negative Possibility

  may/ might + base form of the verb

  1. We may go out dinner tonight. Do you want to join us?
  2. Our company might get the order if the client agrees to the price.

  may not / might not + base form of the verb

  1. Adam and Sue may not buy that house. It’s very expensive.
  2. They might not buy a house at all

  
  

  To Make a Suggestion (when there is no better alternative)

  may as well / might as well + base form of the verb

  1. You may as well come inside. John will be home soon.
  2. We might as well take Friday off. There’s no work to be done anyway.

  
  

  Polite Suggestion

  might + base form of the verb

  1. You might like to try the salmon fillet. It’s our special today.

  
  

  Exercises: May / Might

  Fill in the correct form of may or might as in the example.

  1. May I sit here?

  
  

  1. They ______ finish the project on time. The main engineer is ill.
  2. You _____ want to stop by the museum gift shop on your way out.
  3. _____ I have your autograph?
  4. He _______ visit the Louvre. He’s in Paris anyway.
  5. You ______ park your car here. It’s reserved for guests of the hotel only.

  Answers:

  1. might not
  2. might
  3. May
  4. may as well
  5. may not

  
  

  Shall, Should, Ought to

  
  

  To Offer of Assistance or Polite Suggestion (When you are quite sure of a positive answer)

  Shall + subject + base form of the verb

  1. Shall we go for a walk?

  Note: Shall is only used with I or we. It is used instead of will only in formal English
  To Offer of Assistance or Polite Suggestion (When you are not sure of a positive answer)
  Should + subject + base form of the verb

  1. Should I call a doctor?

  
  

  A Prediction or Expectation that Something Will Happen

  should/shouldn’t + base form of the verb

  1. The proposal should be finished on time.
  2. I shouldn’t be late. The train usually arrives on time.

  
  

  To Give Advice

  should / ought to + base form of the verb

  1. You should check that document before you send it out.
  2. You ought to have your car serviced before the winter.

  
  

  To Give Advice (about something you think wrong or unacceptable)

  shouldn’t + base form of the verb

  1. James shouldn’t teach him words like those.

  
  

  Exercises: Should, Shouldn’t, Ought To

  Fill in should, shouldn’t or ought in the following sentences as in the example.

  1. He shouldn’t encourage such bad behavior.

  
  

  1. You _____ get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.
  2. The house ______ be ready to move into by next month. It’s almost finished.
  3. Ron ________ to improve his attitude. If he doesn’t, he might get fired.
  4. ________ I get your jacket? It’s cold in here.
  5. You ________ put your feet on the table. It’s not polite.

  Answers:

  1. should
  2. should
  3. ought
  4. shall
  5. shouldn’t

  
  

  Must, Have to, Need to, Don’t have to, Needn’t

  
  

  Necessity or Requirement

  
  

  Present and Future:

  must / have to / need to + base form of the verb

  1. You must have a passport to cross the border.
  2. Elisabeth has to apply for her visa by March 10th.
  3. I need to drop by his room to pick up a book.

  
  

  Past:

  had to / needed to + base form of the verb

  1. I had to work late last night.
  2. I needed to drink a few cups of coffee in order to stay awake.

  Note: have to and need to are often used in the same context, but many times, need to is used to express something that is less urgent, something in which you have a choice.
  Almost 100% Certain
  must + base form of the verb

  1. Thomas has lived in Paris for years. His French must be very good

  
  

  To Persuade

  must / have to + base form of the verb

  1. You must try this wine. It’s excellent.
  2. You have to visit us while you’re in town.

  
  

  
  

  Prohibited or Forbidden

  must not / mustn’t + base form of the verb

  1. You must not drive over the speed limit.
  2. You mustn’t leave medicines where children can get to them.

  
  

  Lack of Necessity

  don’t /doesn’t /didn’t + have to + base form of the verb

  1. You don’t have to park the car. The hotel valet will do it for you.
  2. Tim doesn’t have to go to school today. It’s a holiday.
  3. You didn’t have to shout. Everyone could hear you.

  needn’t + base form of the verb

  1. You needn’t worry about me. I’ll be fine.

  
  

  Exercises: Must, Have to, Need to, Don’t Have to, Needn’t

  Fill in the blanks with one of these modals:
  must, must not, have to, has to, don’t have to, doesn’t have to, needn’t as in the examples.
  There may be more than one correct answer.

  1. Shira doesn’t have to drive to the airport. She’s going by taxi.
  2. You must speak politely to the customers.

  
  

  1. You ______ tell Anna about the party tomorrow night. It’s a surprise! (must not, need to, doesn’t have to)
  2. Tina _______ register for her classes on Monday, otherwise she won’t get a place in them. (doesn’t have to, mustn’t, has to)
  3. You ________ send that fax. I’ve already sent it. (must, will have to, don’t have to)
  4. A dog ______ get special training in order to be a guide dog. (must, need to, don’t have to)
  5. Jeremy _______ get up early tomorrow. His class was cancelled. (mustn’t, doesn’t have to, don’t need to)

  Answers:

  1. must not
  2. has to
  3. don’t have to
  4. must
  5. doesn’t have to

  
  

  Modals: Will / Would

  
  

  will / won’t + base form of the verb

  
  

  1. John will pick you up at 7:00am.
  2. Beth won’t be happy with the results of the exam.

  
  

  Polite Request or Statement

  Will / Would + base form of the verb

  1. Will you please take the trash out?
  2. Would you mind if I sat here?
  3. I’d (I would) like to sign up for your workshop.

  
  

  Habitual Past Action

  Would/Wouldn’t + base form of the verb

  1. When I was a child, I would spend hours playing with my train set.
  2. Peter wouldn’t eat broccoli when he was a kid. He loves it now.

  
  

  Exercises: will, would

  Fill in the blanks with one of the following words: will, won’t, would, wouldn’t.

  1. Will you please help me lift this box?

  
  

  1. I ______ like to order the onion soup please.
  2. The manager _______ be pleased to hear that a customer slipped on the wet floor.
  3. _______ it be okay if I slept here tonight?
  4. When Igor lived in Russia, he ________ call his mother as often as he does now.
  5. I can assure you sir, the order ______ be shipped out tonight.

  Answers:

  1. would
  2. won’t
  3. would
  4. wouldn’t
  5. will

  
  

  Exercises – All Modals

  Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the following modals:
  can, could, be able to, may, might, shall, should, must, have to, don’t have to, need to
  – You may have to make the modals negative according to the context of the sentence.
  – There may be more than one possibility.

  1. He has to take his car to be serviced. The brakes are squeaking.
  2. Would you please save me a seat at the dinner event.

  
  

  1. If you are sick, you ________ go to work. You’ll infect everyone there.
  2. Drivers _______ stop at red lights.
  3. You _______ finish the proposal today. You can finish it tomorrow.
  4. She ______ hear much better with her new hearing aids.
  5. ______ I order us a bottle of wine?
  6. Sam ______ pick his daughter up from school. She’s taking the bus home.
  7. You _____________ smoke here. It’s a smoke-free building.
  8. You ________ eat so many sweets. They are bad for you.
  9. _________ you mind walking a little faster? We’re going to be late.
  10. I’m sorry. I _______ help you. I don’t know how to do it.

  Answers:

  1. shouldn’t
  2. must
  3. don’t have to
  4. can
  5. shall
  6. needn’t
  7. mustn’t
  8. shouldn’t
  9. would
  10. can’t

   
  
  
  
   PAST TENSE
  
  

  1. Mr. harris taught English at this school for five years.
  2. I wrote three or four letters to that company.
  3. The students in this class did those two lessons already.
  4. I knew Professor Moore for more than twelve years.
  5. Richard took  three courses in English at this school.
  6. These steps are dangerous. I fell on them several times.
  7. Mr. Kramer was in the United States for three years.
  8. The janitor shut the back door.
  9. The student read all of stories in that book.
  10. Marjorie chose a pretty dress for the party.
  11.  I spoke to my boss about the problem several times.
  12. That tree grew at least five feet since last years.
  13. Miss King spent over eighteen hundred dollars since May.
  14. Mr. and Mrs. Smith bought a new house in North Plains.
  15. The real estate agent sold the Smith’s old house.
  16. Charles had a bad cold for a whole week.
  17. I’m sorry, I forgot the name that book.
  18. We heard that new song several times.
  19. Mr. Wilson isn’t here. He went out of own for the weekend.
  20. Mr. Kennedy wore his blue suit to the office only twice.
  21. I sat in this same seat since the first day of classes.
  22. The money isn’t in this drawer. Someone stole it.
  23. Up to now, I understood every’lesson in the book.
  24. We had absolutely no trouble with our car so far.
  25. No one found that girl’s purse and gloves yet.
  26. The weather was very warm ever since last Thursday.
  27. Mr. Anderson and Mr. brown  had lunch already.
  28. I saw the Empire State Building hundred of times.
  29. We spoke to the director and gave him the message.
  30. Grandmother flew in an airplane before.
  31. You tore your shirt! There’s a hole in the left sleeve.
  32. I read the customer’s letter and wrote a reply to him.

  
  
  
  
  

  IRREGULAR VERB

  
  

  PENGERTIAN IRREGULAR VERB

  Verb adalah kata kerja, sedangkan irregular verb adalah kata kerja tidak berarturan. Kata kerja tersebut berubah tergantung dari penggunaannya. Sebagai contoh, kita menggunakan irregular verb yang digunakan untuk:

  ·         Present tense: We drink 5 glasses of water every day.

  ·         Past tense: We drank 2 cups of green tea yesterday.

  ·         Perfect tense: We have drunk avocado juice since two days ago.

  DAFTAR LENGKAP IRREGULAR VERB BESERTA ARTINYA

  Infinitive (Verb 1/ V1)	Past Tense (Verb 2/ V2)	Past Participle (Verb 3/ V3)	Arti
  arise	arose	arisen	muncul
  awake	awoke	awoken	bangun
  be (is/am/are)	was/were	been	ada, adalah
  bear	bore	borne	menanggung
  beat	beat	beaten	mengalahkan/memukul
  become	became	become	menjadi
  befall	befell	befallen	menimpa
  beget	begot	begotten	menurunkan
  begin	began	begun	mulai
  bend	bent	bent	membengkokan
  bereave	bereft	bereft	kehilangan
  beseech	besought	besought	memohon
  beset	beset	beset	mengepung, menimpa
  bestrew	bestrewed	bestrewn	menabur/menganughari
  bet	bet, betted	bet, betted	bertaruh
  betake	betook	betaken	pergi
  bid	bid	bid	menawar/mengucapkan
  bind	bound	bound	mengikat
  bite	bit	bitten	menggigit
  bleed	bled	bled	berdarah
  blow	blew	blown	meniup
  break	broke	broken	memecahkan
  breed	bred	bred	berkembang biak
  bring	brought	brought	membawa
  broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	menyiarkan
  browbeat	browbeat	browbeaten	menggertak
  build	built	built	membangun
  burn	burnt, burned	burnt, burned	membakar
  burst	burst	burst	meledak
  bust	bust	bust	mendobrak
  cast	cast	cast	melempar, memberikan peran
  catch	caught	caught	menangkap
  choose	chose	chosen	memilih
  cling	clung	clung	berpegang teguh
  come	came	come	datang
  cost	cost	cost	berbiaya, berharga
  creep	crept	crept	merangkak
  cut	cut	cut	memotong, menggunting

  Infinitive (Verb 1/ V1)	Past Tense (Verb 2/ V2)	Past Participle (Verb 3/ V3)	Arti
  deal	dealt	dealt	berurusan
  dig	dug	dug	menggali
  dive	dove	dived	menyelam
  do	did	done	melakukan
  draw	drew	drawn	menggambar
  dream	dreamt	dreamt	bermimpi
  drink	drank	drunk	minum
  drive	drove	driven	mengendarai
  dwell	dwelt	dwelt	tinggal, menghuni
  eat	ate	eaten	makan
  fall	fell	fallen	jatuh
  feed	fed	fed	memberi makan
  feel	felt	felt	merasa
  fight	fought	fought	berjuang, berkelahi
  find	found	found	menemukan
  flee	fled	fled	melarikan diri
  fling	flung	flung	menjebloskan, mengempaskan
  fly	flew	flown	terbang
  forbid	forbade	forbidden	melarang
  forecast	forecast	forecast	meramalkan
  foresee	foresaw	foreseen	maramalkan
  forget	forgot	forgotten	lupa
  forgive	forgave	forgiven	memaafkan
  forgo	forwent	forgone	meninggalkan kebiasaan
  forsake	forsook	forsaken	meninggalkan
  freeze	froze	frozen	membeku
  get	got	gotten	mendapatkan
  give	gave	given	memberi
  go	went	gone	pergi
  grind	ground	ground	menggerindra/menggiling
  grow	grew	grown	tumbuh

  hamstring	hamstrung	hamstrung	melumpuhkan
  hang	hung	hung	menggantung
  have	had	had	mempunyai
  hear	heard	heard	mendengar
  hide	hid	hidden	menyembunyikan
  hit	hit	hit	memukul
  hold	held	held	menahan, mengadakan
  hurt	hurt	hurt	menyakiti

  
  
  
  

  Infinitive (Verb 1/ V1)	Past Tense (Verb 2/ V2)	Past Participle (Verb 3/ V3)	Arti
  inlay	inlaid	inlaid	manatah
  input	input	input	memasukkan
  intercut	intercut	intercut	menyelingi

  keep	kept	kept	menjaga
  kneel	knelt, kneeled	knelt, kneeled	berlutut, bersujud
  know	knew	known	mengetahui
  lay	laid	laid	meletakkan
  lead	led	led	memimpin
  lean	leant, leaned	leant, leaned	menyandarkan
  leap	leapt, leaped	leapt, leaped	lompat, loncat
  learn	learnt, learned	learnt, learned	belajar
  leave	left	left	meninggalkan
  lend	lent	lent	meminjamkan
  let	let	let	membiarkan
  lie	lay	lain	berbohong, berbaring
  light	lit	lit	menerangi
  lose	lost	lost	kehilangan, kalah
  make	made	made	membuat
  mean	meant	meant	bermaksud
  meet	met	met	bertemu
  mislay	mislaid	mislaid	salah meletakkan
  mislead	misled	misled	menyesatkan
  misread	misread	misread	salah membaca
  misspeak	misspoke	misspoken	salah bicara/ucap
  misspell	misspelt, misspelled	misspelt, misspelled	salah mengeja
  mistake	mistook	mistaken	salah mengira
  misunderstand	misunderstood	misunderstood	salah paham
  mow	mowed	mown, mowed	memotong rumput

  Infinitive (Verb 1/ V1)	Past Tense (Verb 2/ V2)	Past Participle (Verb 3/ V3)	Arti
  offset	offset	offset	mengimbangi
  outbid	outbid	outbid	mengalahkan dalam menawar
  outdo	outdid	outdone	mengalahkan
  outdraw	outdrew	outdrawn	menarik lebih banyak orang
  outdrive	outdrove	outdriven	mengendarai lebih baik/lebih cepat
  outfight	outfought	outfought	mengalahkan dalam perkelahian
  outgrow	outgrew	outgrown	menjadi lebih besar, mengatasi
  output	output	output	menghasilkan (data)
  outride	outrode	outridden	menunggangi lebih baik, cepat, dan jauh.
  outrun	outran	outrun	berlari lebih cepat
  outsell	outsold	outsold	menjual lebih banyak
  outshine	outshone	outshone	lebih cemerlang
  overbuild	overbuilt	overbuilt	membangun tambahan
  overcome	overcame	overcome	mengatasi
  overdo	overdid	overdone	melakukan sesuatu secara berlebihan
  overhang	overhung	overhung	bergantung
  overhear	overheard	overheard	menguping
  overlay	overlaid	overlaid	melapisi, membebani
  overpay	overpaid	overpaid	membayar lebih banyak
  override	overrode	overridden	mengesampingkan, menolak
  overrun	overran	overrun	menyerbu, mengerumuni
  oversee	oversaw	overseen	mengawasi
  oversleep	oveslept	overslept	bangun kesiangan
  overtake	overtook	overtaken	menyusul, mengejar
  overthrow	overthrew	overthrown	menjatuhkan, merobohkan
  pay	paid	paid	membayar
  prove	proved	proven, proved	membuktikan
  put	put	put	meletakkan
  quit	quit	quit	berhenti, meninggalkan
  read	read	read	membaca
  rebind	rebound	rebound	menjilid kembali
  rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt	membangun kembali
  repay	repaid	repaid	membayar kembali
  rethink	rethought	rethought	memikirkan kembali
  rewind	rewound	rewound	mengulang ke awal
  rewrite	rewrote	rewritten	menulis kembali
  rid	rid	rid	membersihkan, membuang
  ride	rode	ridden	naik, menunggang
  ring	rang	rung	berdering, membunyikan
  rise	rose	risen	terbit
  run	ran	run	berlari, menjalankan
  saw	sawed	sawn, sawed	menggergaji
  say	said	said	mengatakan
  see	saw	seen	melihat
  seek	sought	sought	mencari
  sell	sold	sold	menjual
  send	sent	sent	mengirim
  set	set	set	menaruh, mengatur
  sew	sewed	sewn, sewed	menjahit
  shake	shook	shook	menggoncangkan, mengocok
  shear	sheared	shorn, sheared	mencukur
  shed	shed	shed	menumpahkan
  shine	shone	shone	bersinar, bercahaya
  shoe	shod	shod	memasangi ladam
  shoot	shot	shot	menembak
  show	showed	shown, showed	menunjukan
  shrink	shrank, shrunk	shrunk	menyusut
  shut	shut	shut	menutup, mengunci
  sing	sang	sung	menyanyi
  sink	sank	sunk	menenggelamkan
  sit	sat	sat	duduk
  slay	slew	slain	membunuh
  sleep	slept	slept	tidur
  slide	slid	slid	meluncur
  sling	slung	slung	menyandang
  slink	slunk	slunk	menyelinap (masuk)
  slit	slit	slit	menggorok, membelah
  smell	smelt, smelled	smelt, smelled	mencium, berbau
  sow	sowed	sown, sowed	menabur
  speak	spoke	spoken	berbicara
  speed	sped, speeded	sped, speeded	mempercepat
  spell	spelt, spelled	spelt, spelled	mengeja
  spend	spent	spent	menghabiskan
  spill	spilt, spilled	spilt, spilled	menumpahkan
  spin	spun	spun	memutar, memusingkan
  spit	spat, spit (US)	spat, spit (US)	meludah
  split	split	split	membagi, membelah
  spoil	spoilt, spoiled	spoilt, spoiled	merusak, memanjakan
  spread	spread	spread	menyebar
  spring	sprang	sprung	muncul, meloncat
  stand	stood	stood	berdiri
  steal	stole	stolen	mencuri
  stick	stuck	stuck	menempelkan
  sting	stung	stung	menyengat
  stink	stank, stunk	stunk	berbau busuk
  stride	strode	stridden	melangkahi
  strike	struck	struck	melanggar
  string	strung	strung	menguntai, memasang tali
  strive	strove	striven	berjuang, bekerja keras
  swear	swore	sworn	bersumpah
  sweep	swept	swept	menyapu
  swell	swelled	swolled, swelled	membengkak
  swim	swam	swum	berenang
  swing	swung	swung	menganyun
  take	took	taken	mengambil
  teach	taught	taught	mengajar
  tear	tore	torn	merobek, mencabik
  tell	told	told	menceritakan, mengatakan
  think	thought	thought	berpikir
  thrive	thrived, throve	thrived	berkembang
  throw	threw	thrown	melempar
  thrust	thrust	thrust	mendorong, memasukkan
  tread	trod	trodden	menempuh, menginjak

  
  
  
  

  Infinitive (Verb 1/ V1)	Past Tense (Verb 2/ V2)	Past Participle (Verb 3/ V3)	Arti
  undercut	undercut	undercut	menjual dgn harga lebih rendah
  undergo	underwent	undergone	menjalani, mengalami
  underlie	underlay	underlain	mendasari
  understand	understood	understood	mengerti
  undertake	undertook	undertaken	menjalankan, mengerjakan
  undo	undid	undone	melepas, membuka
  unwind	unwound	unwound	beristirahat
  uphold	upheld	upheld	menegakkan
  upset	upset	upset	mengganggu, menumbangkan
  wake	woke	woken	bangun
  wear	wore	worn	memakai
  weave	wove, weaved	woven, weaved	menenun, menganyam
  weep	wept	wept	menangis
  wet	wet, wetted	wet, wetted	membasahi
  win	won	won	menang
  wind	wound	wound	memutar, membelit
  withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	manarik
  withhold	withheld	withheld	meyembunyikan, menahan uang utk membayar
  withstand	withstood	withstood	menahan, bertahan
  wring	wrung	wrung	memeras
  write	wrote	written	menulis